第六课 案例分析.pptVIP

Case Study(案例研究) Case Study Research. Design and Methods (1994, Second edition. Thousand Oaks: Sage) By Robert K. Yin （案例分析研究，设计与方法） When to use case study method?什么时候使用案例研究方法？ The type of research question: typically to answer questions like “how” or “why” 研究问题的类型：主要是回答诸如“怎样”和“为什么”的问题。 Extent of control over behavioural events: when investigator has a little/no possibility to control the events； 控制行为事件的程度：研究者几乎或者根本不能控制事件。 General circumstances of the phenomenon to be studied: contemporary phenomenon in a real-life context 所要研究的现象的通常情形：真实生活情境下的当前的现象。 Case study is an empirical inquiry, in which:案例研究是一种实证研究，这种研究 -Focus is on a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context boundaries between phenomenon and its context are not clearly evident Suitable for studying complex social phenomena 关注点在真实生活情境下同时发生的现象并且现象与情境的边界并非泾渭分明。 ——适用于研究复杂的社会现象 -Procedural characteristics in the situation include: Many variables of interest; multiple sources of evidence; theoretical propositions to guide the collection and analysis of data 这种情况下的程序性特点包括：许多感兴趣的变量；证据来源多元化；指导数据收集和分析的理论假设。 -Types of case studies might be: explanatory; exploratory; descriptive 案例研究的类型包括：解释型，探索型和描述型。 -Designs can be single- or multiple-case studies 设计可以是对一个或多个案例的研究。 -Used methods can be qualitative, quantitative, or both 所使用的方法可以是定性的，定量的或者二者同时使用。 Typical criticisms towards case studies correcting answers:对案例分析的典型批评与纠正的答案 -Lack of systematic handling of data - Systematic reporting of all evidence 缺少系统化的数据处理- 系统地报告所有证据 -No basis for scientific generalization - Purpose is to generalize to theoretical propositions, not to population as in statistical research 没有科学化泛化的基础- 目的是归纳出理论假设，并非像统计研究一样泛化到样本的总体 -Take too long, end up with unreadable documents - Time limits writing formula depend on the choices of investigators 耗时过长，结果得出不可读的文件- 时间限制而且写作格式取决于研究者的选择。 Case study research design案例分析研究的设计 Central components of a case study design their functions: 案例研究设计的主要构成成分及其功能： A study’s questions – “how”, “why”