操作系统第一单元课件.ppt

Modern Operating System 操作系统的重要性 第一，专业核心课程 第二，开发基础知识 第三，考研核心课程 第四，应用基础课程 Introduce 1.1 What is an operating system 1.2 History of operating systems 1.3 The operating system zoo 1.4 Computer hardware review 1.5 Operating system concepts 1.6 System calls 1.7 Operating system structure 现 代 操 作 系 统 引论 1.1 什么是操作系统 1.2 操作系统发展史 1.3 操作系统大观 1.4 计算机硬件概述 1.5 操作系统概念 1.6 系统调用 1.7 操作系统结构 Emphases（本章重点） What is an operating system（什么是操作系统） Operating system concepts（操作系统概念） 出题方式 选择，添空（少数重要概念） Introduce A computer system consists of: hardware system programs application programs Physical devices and micro-architecture level Physical devices consists of : Integrated circuit chips Wires Power supplies Cathode ray tubes, and so on Micro-architecture level: in which the physical devices are grouped together to form functional units, this level consists of: Registers internal to the CPU A data path containing an arithmetic logic unit: on some machines, the operation of the data path is controlled by software, called the micro-program Machine language Machine language (instruction set architecture) it consists of: The hardware Instructions visible to an assembly language programmer The function of machine language: Moving data around the machine Doing arithmetic Comparing values The I/O devices are controlled by loading values into special device registers User mode and kernel mode Kernel mode (supervisor mode): [※※※※] The programs in it can be protected from user tampering by the hardware The operating run in it User mode: [※※※※] Compilers and editors run in user mode If a user does not like a particular compiler, he is free to write his own The distinction between kernel mode and user mode, however, is sometimes blurred in embedded systems and some other systems What is an Operating System 1.1 what is an operating system? 1.1.1 the operating system as an extended machine[※※※※] Hides the messy details which must be performed Presen