2012年中级导游考试复习：建筑文化(国外英语资料).docVIP

2012年中级导游考试复习：建筑文化(国外英语资料) architectural culture I. overview of Architectural Culture Chinese architectural culture Position: one of the three major building systems Content: visualized and embodied culture Form: history of civil engineering (1) the development course of Chinese architectural culture 1, the embryonic period (summer - spring and autumn): A. of the Yellow River basin and the northern region to cave, half cave, the Yangtze River Basin and the southern region to Ganlan style architecture. B. There were relatively large cities and palaces built in the Shang Dynasty C. Zhou Dai started with tile roof, mainly to the version of the building method has a certain rule 2, the development period (the Warring States - Northern and Southern Dynasties): A. Qin and Han Dynasties unified, the construction scale is more magnificent, the combination is more diverse, the overall style is bold and unconstrained; the wooden structure tends to be perfect; the type is mainly the capital city, the palace, the sacrificial ceremony building and the mausoleum B. Jin culture, Buddhism spread, Sheng temple. 3, maturity (SUI song): A. political stability, economic prosperity, architectural style vigorous and magnificent, stretch generous B. architecture is dominated by capitals, palaces, Buddhist temples, tombs, gardens and so on C. The Song Dynasty official issued the French construction, content and order with official norms 4, summary period (yuan Qing): A. is smaller than the former, but the sequence more abundant and more widely distributed, the number of more B. official building stereotypes, simplified structure and decoration of strengthening, fine rich resources C. civil architecture and minority architecture greatly enriched the content of traditional architectural culture D.1840 years later, Chinas modern new architectural system (two) the general characteristics of Chinese Architecture 1, diversity characteristics and mainstream system Diversity: architectural styles