外语系综合教程book4 unit1--unit7课文单词详解.docVIP

Unit 1 II. Key Words and Expressions 1. catastrophic (para. 1) adj. 灾难性的【同disastrous】 e.g. One of the most catastrophic consequences of climate change could be a rise in sea level. 气候变化带来的最具灾难性的后果之一可能是海平面上升。 catastrophe n. 灾难，大祸；灾难性的结局 catastrophically adv. 灾难性地 2. ups and downs (para. 1) 悲欢；成败；盛衰 e.g. There have been many ups and downs in our marriage, but we still love each other. 我们的婚姻一波三折，但我们仍然彼此相爱。 3. misfortune (para. 1) n. 不幸的遭遇(可数)；不幸(不可数)【反fortune】 e.g. The worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror as it brings seven years of bad luck! 一个人可能遭遇的最糟的厄运是打碎一面镜子，因为这将带来7年的霉运。 4. desperately (para. 1) adv. 极其(严重、危急等)，……得要命 e.g. Her case was desperately serious. 她的情况极其危急。 desperate adj. 绝望的；极度的 5. menace (para. 1) n. 威胁【同threat】 e.g. In our pioneering days this aggressiveness was essential to survival. Now it can be a menace to society. 在拓荒时代，我们的这种进攻性对于生存是必不可少的。现在它对于我们的社会可能是一种威胁。 6. lull (para. 1) n. 暂时的平静 e.g. It seems things are settling down. But only time will tell if it is no more than a lull before another storm. 一切似乎都尘埃落定，归于平静。但只有时间才能证实这是否仅是另一场暴风雨来临前的平静。 lull before the storm 暴风雨来临前的平静 7. crisis (para. 2) n. 危机(复数crises) e.g. I was on the verge of a terrible crisis in my life. 我濒临人生中一场可怕危机的边缘。 8. put through (para. 2) 实现，完成，处理完 e.g. At the moment we are trying to put through a mass literacy programme. 目前，我们正在努力完成一项规模庞大的扫盲工程。 9. deceptive (para. 3) adj. 有欺骗性的【同misleading】 e.g. The water is deceptive; its much deeper than it looks. 这水有点骗人，实际深度比看起来深得多。 deceptive和deceitful deceptive的意思是“有欺骗性的”、“造成假象的”，即某人或事物的外表给人以错误印象，从而误导别人信以为真，一般不包含欺骗的主观故意。而deceitful的意思是“欺诈的”、“不老实的”，一般都包含招摇撞骗的主观故意。 10. triumph (para. 3) n. 胜利 e.g. Helen Kellers triumph over deafness, blindness and muteness was a miracle. 海伦·凯勒战胜了聋哑和失明，这是一个奇迹。 triumph，victory和conquest 这3个词都包含了获胜的事实，或者在战斗、战争或竞争中取得胜利的事实。 ?triumph表示一种很有价值的胜利或者成功，因为它具有决定性、重要性或者很完美。例如：If a man has a talent and l