凹凸棒对镉铬污染环境下盆栽空心菜生长影响.docVIP

凹凸棒对镉铬污染环境下盆栽空心菜生长影响 　　摘要 通过温室盆栽试验，开展了凹凸棒对铬、镉污染环境下空心菜生长的影响研究。结果表明：添加凹凸棒能显著增加空心菜的株高与生物量；重金属污染处理下空心菜的生物量仅为1.79 g/株，施用800 kg/hm2的凹凸棒材料后，生物量增加了207%；同时凹凸棒材料的添加可降低植株地上部重金属含量，随着添加量由100 kg/hm2增至800 kg/hm2，空心菜地上部Cr和Cd含量降低，镉含量降低效果优于铬。因此，凹凸棒材料对于重金属低污染土壤修复有良好的应用前景 关键词 凹凸棒；镉；铬；污染土壤；空心菜 中图分类号 S636.9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2017）07-0075-02 Effects of Attapulgite on Growth of Potted Ipomoea Aquatica in Cd-Cr Contaminated Soil YANG Jian-chao 1 SUN Xiao 1 XU Wei-hua 1 WANG Xin-yu 1 CUI Rong-zong 2 JIANG Xue-ling 1 * （1 Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Shandong Province，Yantai Shandong 265599； 2 Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences） Abstract The greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of attapulgite on growth of Ipomoea Aquatica in Cd-Cr contaminated soil.The results showed that the plant height and biomass of plant significantly increased with the application of attapulgite.The fresh biomass was 1.79 g/plant for the Cd-Cr contaminated treatment，and the biomass increased by 207% with the application of 800 kg/hm2 attapulgite.The heavy metal concentrations in the ground part of plant were decreased with the application of attapulgite， Cd and Cr concentrations decreased as the addition amount of attapulgite increased from 100 kg/hm2 to 800 kg/hm2.The reductions in Cd and Cr concentrations were in the order of CdCr.Therefore，attapulgite has a good application prospect for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. Key words attapulgite；Cd；Cr；contaminated soil；Ipomoea Aquatica ?S着工业快速发展，伴随而来的是各种化工产品、农药及化肥的过度使用，重金属污染物便通过各种途径进入环境，造成土壤、水源尤其是农田的重金属污染。重金属污染物不能被化学或生物降解、会通过食物链在动植物和人体内积累，对生态环境、食品安全和人体健康构成严重威胁[1-4]，如镉米、砷毒、血铅、“水俣病”和“痛骨病”等。而作为生产源头的农田，已经成为土壤重金属污染治理的重中之重，其污染来源和修复技术也一直是国内外研究的热点和难点 铬和镉重金属污染对人的安全具有致命的危害。据研究，Cr（Ⅵ）比Cr（Ⅲ）毒性高100倍，且更容易被人体吸收，并在体内积累，接触Cr（Ⅵ）有致癌、致畸等潜在危害[5]。土壤中水溶性和交换态镉进入作物体内并积累到一定含量时，作物就会表现出生长缓慢、植株矮小、褪绿、产量下降、质量下降等；可通过食物链进入人体并长期积累，会在肾脏、肝脏、肺脏、骨骼、生殖系统、心血管系统、胃肠系统、胰脏表现出明显病变 土壤重金属污染修复技术较多。董汉英等[6]的批量淋洗法对土壤中Zn、Pb、Cu、Ni