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An Examination of the Main Characters in Heart of Darkness With Freud’s Theory.doc

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An Examination of the Main Characters in Heart of Darkness With Freud’s Theory

An Examination of the Main Characters in Heart of Darkness With Freud’s Theory 　　哈??滨师范大学西语学院【Abstract】Joseph Conrad， one of the most outstanding English novelists in the 20th century， was born in Poland. Conrad began his literary career by writing short stories. The story is told by Marlowe， Conrads famous narrator， whose task is to make a voyage to the inland of Africa through the Congo River and bring Mr.Kurtz， a sick ivory trader， back to Belgium.The journey that Marlow has been thought is so horrible that it has changed Marlow into a different man.After studying this novel with the help of Freud’s theory， we can find the darkness as well as the beauty in ones character. This thesis analyzes the characteristics of Marlow and Kurtz in three aspects through a number of practical cases. 【Key words】Marlow； dark； lust； Freuds theory 1. The ID Part Sigmund Freud’s id part is the source of the motive force behind the pleasure principle. Id is the hardest part of characteristics for people to control， which consists of all innate impulsive. It does not depend on logic， moral and value. The principle of id is just to pursue happiness. At the beginning， Marlow just want to be a rich man， which can make him happy. He tried everything to get what he really want， so he asked for help from his aunt. In his eyes， if he could be a captain of the boat， he would gain wealth like other rich man. When he was a child， from his view about the earth， we can learn that the id part began when he was born. According to Freuds id part， people are eager to pursue happiness when they are born. From the id part， we can find the darkness of the imperialists. The cruel imperialists made the blacks to be slaves. Also the cruel imperialists pressed and exploit them， by which they can be wealth and their id part can be satisfied.With the promotion of id part， they began to do some inhuman things towards people lived in Africa. 2. The Ego Part From the Latin word for “I”，