东中国海的水团分析方法研究.doc

东中国海的水团分析方法研究 摘要 本文首先介绍了水团分析方法的历史及现状。之后介绍了影响中国近海海域水团形成、分布和变化的各种因素和条件，主要有：自然地理环境的制约、气象气候因素的影响、主体格局与区域特征的互相作用和理、化、生、地特征分布的兆示。 在此基础上本文阐述了适合东中国海海域水团分析的方法，其中着重介绍了分割法、水团聚类分析法、水团的判别分析及预报、水团分析中的正交分解法、水团分析中的模糊数学方法。通过对这些方法的介绍，得出它们的各自的特点，并比较它们的优劣。 （1）分割法，是将一长串有序的测样，在打乱其原有顺序的前提下，按给定要求分割成有限几段的方法，其严格的说是属于聚类分析的范畴。不过它是把所有测样看作一类，然后“化整为零”，分割为二类、三类……直到每个测样先作为一类。 （2）聚类法则是“化零为整”，即开始把每个测样先作为一类，然后择其性质相近者聚合。实践证明，在浅海变性水团分析中，聚类法是一种很有效的方法。 （3）判别分析法又称为分辨法，是根据测样的多种性状的观测值，对其进行客观合理分类的方法；主要运用于预报。 （4）水团概念的模糊性是客观存在的，而应用模糊集合来定义和划分水团，既有合理的物理意义，又不影响集合的交运算及其他运算。故模糊数学方法在中国浅海水团分析研究中得到了快速的发展和创新，把中国浅海水团分析方法推上了一个新的高度。 the research of the analytical methods of water MASSes in the east sea of China Abstract Firstly, this paper introduces the history of the analytical methods of water masses and currents situation. All kinds of factors and conditions affecting the formation, distribution and change of the China offshore as follows: The restriction of the natural environment, the climate influence, the interaction between the subject pattern and regional characteristics and the sign that diagnostic distributing of physics、chemistry、biology、geography. On the basis of above, this article clarifies appropriate solution in the relative waters. And introducing the split method emphatically, water reunion analytic approach, discrimination of water body analysis and predict, water body analysis fuzzy mathematics method of to paying in analysis. Through the introduction of these methods, get their own characteristics, compare their quality. Split method, examining a long bunch of orderly ones kind, on the premise of upsetting its original order, according to the given demand to cut limited section of methods apart into one, strictly, it belongs to a category, cluster of analysis. But it regards all samples as one, then break the whole up into parts , split into class II , three kinds until each one be one kind. Clusters rule is to turn parts into the whole , namely it regards every sample as one category. then select