DevelopingFundamentalObject-ControlSkills摘要.pptVIP

? 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Developing Fundamental Object-Control Skills When the child is able to ambulate freely, the hands are free to use in a new fundamental skill ~ object-control Overarm Throwing One of the most complex fundamental movements Can be divided into 3 phases Preparatory phase All movements directed away from the intended line of projection Execution phase All movements performed in the direction of the throw Follow-through All movements following the release of the projectile Developmental Stages of Throwing Monica Wild (1938) Four developmental stages of throwing Set standards for developmental throwing stages Studied age and gender characteristics of throwing in 32 boys and girls Ages 2-12 years old Developmental Stages of Throwing Trends Movement progresses from an anterior-posterior plane to a horizontal plane The base of support changes from a stationary to a shifting position Developmental Stages of Throwing Roberton (1978) presents longitudinal evidence for developmental stages within the humerus, forearm, and trunk components for the overarm throw “Development within component parts may proceed at different rates in the same individual or at different rates in different individuals.” Developmental Stages of Throwing Throwing motion is posterior-anterior in direction Feet do not move Little trunk rotation Force for projecting the ball comes from hip flexion, shoulder protraction, and elbow extension Developmental Stages of Throwing More rotation of the body Performer may step forward (ipsilateral or contralateral pattern) Arm brought forward in transverse plane Form resembles a sling Developmental Stages of Throwing Note the ipsilateral arm-leg action Ball is placed into throwing position above the shoulder by a vertical and posterior motion of the arm at the time that the ipsilateral leg is moving forward Little or no rotation of the spine and hips Follow-through includes flexion at the hips and some trunk