Basic Knowledge of Translation Theory - 西北大 .ppt

Basic Knowledge of Translation Theory Translation Translation criteria or principle Prerequisites of a translator Translation strategies Literal translation and liberal translation Terms The definition in the old days “译即易，谓换易言语使相解也。”——贾公彦(618-907) 唐朝 “夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语转成汉地之言。音虽似别，义则大同。”——法云(960-1279) 宋代 The British scholar Dr. Samuel Johnson once said: “To translate is to change into another language, remaining the sense.” The current definition(1) Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. ---------Nida A good translation is one which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language as to be as distinctly apprehended and as strongly felt by a native of the country to which that language belongs as it is by those who speak the language of the original work.---------Tytler The current definition(2) The replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL) ----------------Prof. Huang Long Translatology In summary Translation is the information transferring between two languages and the cultural communication between two language families. Translation is a rendering from one language into another. Translation is a science, an art, a bilingual art, a craft, a skill, an operation and communication. Translation is a representation or recreation in one language of what is written or said in another language. Translation is a kind of science because it was a whole set of rules governing it and certain objective laws to go by in the process of translating. Varieties of translation Interpretation and written translation SL and TL: Interlingual translation, Intralingual translation, Intersemiotic translation Style: political essay, practical writing, science and technology, literary translation Translation Criteria or Principle Tytler’s translation criteria Ya