Archetpal Criticism原型批评.ppt

Archetypal Criticism Brief Review James Frazer ▲Frazer puts forward the similarities among magical and religious beliefs around the globe. ▲Jung’s collective unconscious is a number of innate thoughts, feelings instinct, and memories that reside in the unconsciousness of all people. ▲Frye argues that archetypes are revealed no less clearly in literature than in the mythology of pre-literate societies. Frye’s Contributions Criticism as a science: Fryes assumption of coherence for literary criticism carries important implications. Firstly and most fundamentally, it presupposes that literary criticism is a discipline in its own right, independent of literature. Critical integrity: For Frye, this kind of coherent, critical integrity involves claiming a body of knowledge for criticism that, while independent of literature, is yet constrained by it. The order of words: Frye puts forward the hypothesis that just as there is an order of nature behind the natural sciences, so literature is not a piled aggregate of works, but an order of words? Archetypal criticism as “a new poetics”: “What criticism can do, according to Frye, is awaken students to successive levels of awareness of the mythology that lies behind the ideology in which their society indoctrinates them Features of Archetypal Critics Unlike the traditional critic ,who relies heavily on history and the biography of the writer, the archetypal critic is interested more in prehistory and the biographies of the gods. Unlike the formalistic critic, who concentrates on the shape and symmetry of the work itself, the archetypal critic probes for the inner spirit which gives that form its validity and its enduring appeal. Unlike the Freudian critic, who is prone to look on the artifact as the product of some sexual neurosis, the archetypal critic sees the work historically, as the manifestation of vitalizing, integrative forces arising form the depths of humankind’s collective psyche. Merits Demerits Ⅰ.Meri