state,claim,allege等词辨析.docVIP

词语大辨析8:affirm，assert，allege，claim affirm，assert，allege，claim都含有一定的宣称，断言之意affirm 断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意assert 宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称allege 宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说claim 声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点 1.Politicians more often___ their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it.A.assert B.claim C.allege D.affirm2.The suspect ___ that he had not been in the neighbourhood.A.advocated B.alleged C.addressed D.announceed3.He ___ his belief that she was innocent.A.affirmed B.asserted C.maintained D.stressed4.He ___ that this could be done.A.affirmed B.alleged C.asserted D.claimed5.Don’t ___ to know what you don’t know.A.claimed B.asserted C.alleged D.affirmed 1.Politicians more often affirm their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it.政治家经常声称他们想退休,但未必是真的.2.The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighbourhood.嫌疑犯生成案发时他并不在现场.3.He asserted his belief that she was innocent.他坚持自己的想法,她是无辜的.4.He asserted that this could be done..他宣称这是可行的.5.Dont claim to know what you dont know.不要强不知以为知. assert affirm allege asseverate aver avouch avow maintain testify 这组字都指以肯定的语气陈述某事。Assert是有力地或信念十足地陈述，而allege则是只陈述而没有提出证据。例如：It was alleged that he was present at the scene of the crime, but he asserted that he was in Europe at the time（他被指称当时在罪案现场，但他坚称自己当时在欧洲）.一个人总的为他所assert的事去辩护，但他人是否相信某人所alleged的事项则无关重要；alleging的目的是证实或反驳所说的事以球明了真相。 Affirm是肯定地宣称或说明某事属实，显示出坚定、不可动摇的信念。例如：to affirm ones faith in God（肯定对上帝的信念）.Asseverate几乎和assert同义，但语气更肯定；这个字不多见，即使在较正式的文章中亦少见。Testify的意思是在法庭上为某人某事作证，或庄严地声明某事属实。例如：to testify on behalf of the defendant（为被告作证）;I can testify to this mans veracity and good character（我证明此人所言属实，并且品格良好）. 在此处，maintain是在面对不利的证据和说法的时候，仍assert某事。例如：In spite of circumstantial evidence pointing to his guilt, the accused maintained that he was innocent（虽然情况证据证明被告犯了罪，被告仍力言自己无辜）.Maintain几乎一定牵涉到各执一词的争论，假设某人前此已经坚持一种说法；因此，maintain其实就是再一次申明自己的立场。 Aver是满怀信心地申明某事属实。Avouch是保证、或肯定地宣称的意思。Avow是公开说明。例如：to avow ones guilt（公开认罪）.这三个字现今已都不多见，一般只出现在正式文件中；avo