北京大学张英老师的研究.docVIP

硕士研究生学位论文 题目： 方位词“上”、“下”研究 姓 名： 崔 巍 巍 学 号： 院 系： 对外汉语教育学院 专 业： 汉语言文字学 研究方向： 对外汉语教学 导 师： 金 舒 年 副教授 二〇〇八年 五 月 版权声明 任何收存和保管本论文各种版本的单位和个人，未经本论文作者同意，不得将本论文转借他人，亦不得随意复制、抄录、拍照或以任何方式传播。否则，引起有碍作者著作权之问题，将可能承担法律责任。 摘 要 空间是客观存在的物质世界的表现形式，也是人类认知世界的方式，但数据表明，留学生方位词的使用情况并不理想。 本文以《方位词“上”、“下”研究》为题，在对以往资料进行整理、综合的基础上，结合语料的分析、归纳，从与方位词搭配的名词入手，尝试对能够进入“X上/下”格式的名词进行分类，并分析各个类型的X与“上”、“下”搭配后的意义，细化了“X上/下”的不同类型，为学习者寻找规律提供方便。同时通过语料统计，总结出其中最常用的搭配，不仅方便教材编写，也便于学习者记忆和使用。 本文还从历时的角度，简要地分析“上”和“下”的演变情况，粗略地展现了现代汉语中方位词“上”、“下”的意义演变过程，为教师和学习者提供初步的参考。 文章的最后将本文的研究成果与实际对外汉语教学结合起来，从教材和教学两个方面提出了自己的建议并分析了本文的长处和不足。 关键词：方位词 上 下 搭配 对外汉语教学 The Investigation of Direction Words “Shang” and “Xia” Cui Weiwei（Chinese Philology） Directed by Deputy Professor Jin Shunian AbstractDirection words are important in a language to describe the objective world. These words also help people to learn about their surroundings. However, according to our research, students who are not native Chinese speakers would often have problems to properly use these words. This article focuses on the directional words “Shang” (up) and “Xia” (down). The studies were based on the commonly used expressions of these words in Chinese language, aiming at clarifying the rules behind the flexible and complicated ways of expression. We reviewed and classified the nouns which can be used with “shang” and “xia”. We also studied the new meanings evolved from through the words’ combination. Through these studies, we summarized some frequent matches. One the other hand, this article will also briefly introduce about the history of “shang” and “xia” as a reference for the teachers and students. We also suggested on how our work can be adopted into a textbook and how it would help in teaching. Advantage and disadvantage of the studies were also analyzed. Key words: Spatial words, shang, xia, combination, teaching 目 录 绪论