语法--英语词性分类及用法.ppt

二.副词的分类 1、 时间和频度副词: now, then, often, always, usually, early, today, lately, next, last, already, generally, frequently, seldom, ever, never, yet, soon, too, immediately, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday. 2、 地点副词: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3、方式副词: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4、 程度副词，放在被修饰词之前: much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely, almost, slightly. 5、 疑问副词： how, when, where, why. 6、关系副词： when, where, why. 7、连接副词: how, when, where, why, whether. 三、副词的排列顺序 1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. 3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 The children played games very quietly in their room by themselves yesterday。 注意：1 副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 改错：(错) I very like English. (对) I like English very much.注意： 2副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。 I dont know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat. 动词动词就是表示动作或者是状态的词。例如：run；work；sleep，等 动词的分类 1 根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为行为动词（实义动词）、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类，有些动词是兼类词。如： We have lunch at 12. I am hungry. She didn’t know him. You can swim. ①系动词　　系动词亦称联系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词。有些不具词义；有些具有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 1）状态系动词 　用来表示主语状态，只有be一词， 2）持续系动词 　用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 3）表像系动词 　用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look 4）感官系动词 　感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste 5）变化系动词 　这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run 6）终止系动词 　表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达证实，变成之意 ②助动词最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 1) 助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用 2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用， a. 表示时态， 　　He has got mar