fronting.ppt

其基本意思为“与...一样”，其中的第一个as为副词，其后通常接形容词或副词，第二个as可用作介词（后接名词或代词）或连词（后接从句）。使用时应注意以下几点： ⑴该结构的两个as之间通常接adj或adv的原级，但若涉及数量或程度，可用“as much +不可数名词+ as” 和“as many + 复数名词+ as”。 eg：You ve made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。 I havent got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想象的那么有钱。 ⑵as...as中间接adj是，有时候该adj还可以修饰另一名词，但这个名词应带有不定冠词。 eg：She is as good a teacher as her mother. She is a teacher as good as her mother. She is as a good teacher as her mother.(?) ⑶第二个as后接从句时，该as通常为连词，但有时这个as还充当 其后从句的主语或宾语，此时该as实为关系代词。 eg：I give much as he could eat. 他能吃多少，我就给了他多少。 Weve got food for as many people as want it. 我们的食物，无论多少人都吃够了。 ⑷表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语实，放在as的前面。(not) nearly, almost, just, nothing, like, exactly, not quite, half, one-ten, twice, three times, 30 percent... eg:He doest play as half as well as his sister. 他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。 This dress is twice as expensive as that. 这件连衣裙比那件贵一倍。 fronting 前置 content 1. definition 2. classification 3. example 把在正常语序中通常较晚出现的成分移至句首，使之处于突出的位置，从而受到特殊强调，这种语法手段叫做前置（fronting）。 使用前置手段表示强调，有时不必改变语序，有时则引起倒装（inversion）。 Fronting without inversion不引起倒装的前置 不引起倒装的前置成分通常是宾语、主语补语和宾语补语。 这些成分的前置通常是为了使上下文紧密衔接。例如： Mr. White fried two small pieces of fish. One of these he fed to his cat. The another he ate himself. 有时这种前置是为了意义的对比和结构的对称，例如： Joan he gave nothing, but George he gave 10 dollars. Fronting with inversion引起倒装的前置 当主语补语前置时，如果主语较长或主语结构比较复杂，这种主语补语的前置就会引起倒装（inversion）。例如： More serious was the question of how the President would present the joint announcement(联合声明）. 当前置宾语由”not a +名词” 或者”not a single +名词”构成时，也会引起倒装。例如： I had a terrible time playing roulette（轮盘赌）at the casino（赌场）. Not a winning number did I have all night. 倒装可分为两种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装（full inversion）； 而只将be、情态动词或助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装（partial inversion）。 一、完全倒装 1、There be结构。另外，在