微波大米杀虫技术.docVIP

Industrial Microwave Disinfestation of Rice 工业微波大米杀虫 大米是世界上最重要的人类主食，特别是亚洲、拉丁美洲和西印度群岛。在大米储存过程中，虫害是米商所面临的最为严重的问题。虫害造成大米重量减少，品质降低，并带来食品安全问题。传统用于控制虫害的方法是采用溴化甲烷或三氢化磷等化学药品对大米进行熏蒸处理。使用溴化甲烷的最大弊端在于臭氧消耗。根据蒙特利尔议定书，这种化学熏蒸方法在2015年前将在全球范围内逐步进行淘汰。使用三氢化磷熏蒸消毒剂的时间相对较长，增加了耐虫性，难以控制。另外，化学熏蒸的残留物给人类健康产生的巨大威胁也令人担忧。 工业微波（频率：2.45GHz）以其快速、连续、安全（非化学应用）及绿色环保的方式取代化学熏蒸法。耦合的微波能量使大米内的水分子剧烈运动，并产生热能，从内到外整体加热。大米在数秒内迅速升温，所有成虫，甚至虫卵、幼虫及蛹即刻杀死。采用恰当的处理工艺，这种方法可100%杀死虫害。隆泰微波开发的设备确保了功率分布的均匀性，解决了局部过热的问题，工艺的稳定性可实现24小时连续化生产。 同时，通过微波热处理，改变了大米的物理化学性能。其感官品质（硬度、起毛现象、咀嚼性等）通常取决于支链淀粉比例、蛋白质含量、游离脂肪酸含量及香味。一般来说，支链淀粉含量越高，蛋白质含量越低，大米的感官品质就越好，因为这样增加了米饭的水吸收及体积膨胀率。通过微波处理，可减少脂肪酶活动，并减缓大米储存过程中游离脂肪酸含量的增长速度，从而保持良好的新鲜度。 如今，消费者对环境、健康及感官意识逐步增强。通过微波热处理方法灭虫并提高大米品质将成为全球市场的新宠。 Rice is one of the worlds most important staple foods of humanity, especially in Asia, Latin America, and the West Indies. The infestation by rice weevils (Sitophilus oryzae L.) is one of the most serious problems faced by millers on rice storage, which leads to weight loss, reduced quality and food safety issues. The traditional practice used to control the weevil infestation is treating rice with chemical fumigation using Methyl Bromide or Phosphine. The major drawback of using Methyl Bromide is its significant contribution to ozone depletion, and it will completely global phase-out under Montreal Protocol by 2015. Disadvantages of using Phosphine fumigant is relatively long time and increasing insect resistance which could cause control failure. Besides, residues of chemical fumigation bring to tremendous hazard to human health is also concerned. Industrial microwave operated at a frequency of 2.45GHz is used as a rapid, continuous, safer (chemical-free) and greener method to replace chemical fumigation. The coupled microwave energy vibrates the water molecules of rice extremely fast and converts this energy into frictional heat volumetrically from inside out. The rice temperature is elevated rapidly in seconds to above a certain lethal level to kill all the adult w