Tessier 提取法英文版.pdf

Talanta 46 (1998) 449–455 Extraction procedures for the determination of heavy metals in contaminated soil and sediment Gemma Rauret Dept. Quı´mica Analı´tica, Uniersitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Received 25 May 1997; accepted 14 October 1997 Abstract Extraction tests are commonly used to study the mobility of metals in soils and sediments by mimicking different environmental conditions or dramatic changes on them. The results obtained by determining the extractable elements are dependent on the extraction procedure applied. The paper summarises state of the art extraction procedures used for heavy metal determination in contaminated soil and sediments. Two types of extraction are considered: single and sequential. Special attention is paid to the Standard, Measurement and Testing projects from the European Commission which focused on the harmonisation of the extraction procedures and on preparing soil and sediment certified reference materials for extractable heavy metal contents. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Extraction procedures; Heavy metals; Contaminated soil; Sediment; Certified reference materials 1. Introduction focused on pollutant desorption from the solid phase; others are focused on the pollutant adsorp- Trace metals in soils and sediments may exist in tion from a solution by the solid phase. Among different chemical forms or ways of binding. In those approaches based on desorption, leaching unpollute