偏爱观测与回心改正(国外英文资料).doc

偏心观测与归心改正(国外英文资料) Eccentric observation and correction for centering § 3.7 Triangulation point point at the center of the monument signs (general habit says monument center), that is, between triangle and the coordinates of the triangle direction and side length are the center of monument of triangle points as the basis, therefore, when the observation requirements instrument center, take the cylinder and the monument center is located in the same vertical line, known as the three heart. Will be observation instruments mounted on a tripod, the pendant or about to can make the instrument in the center of the monument and center on the same vertical line, such as a theodolite in this article include the observation platform (also known as instruments), you must first along the vertical projection at the center of the monument to the observation platform, and then put the instrument on the projection point observation platform in the center of the monument, the instrument center and stone in the same vertical, but in fact often cannot do it strictly. Sometimes monument center on the observation of the projection point on the edge of the observatory, even on the outside of the observatory, at this time in order to instruments stability and the safety of the observation, still put the instrument in the middle of the observatory, which is instrument center off through the center of the monument vertical; Sometimes in order to meet the demands of observation, such as signals of sculling column blocked a sighting direction, instrument would also have to pass a monument deviates from the center of vertical, this deviation is called station eccentric. In order to calculate the result of the eccentric observation to the center of the test station, the number of the correction of the site must be added. When making the buried stone, though as far as possible put sighting cylinder center and stone in the same vertical, but as a result of observation and buried building work to