英语矿业词典 Dictionary of Mining.pdf

1 Dictionary of Mining, Mineral, Related Terms Compiled and edited by the Staff of the U.S. Bureau of Mines Second Edition U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 1996 As the Nations principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes fostering the sound use of our land and water resources; protecting our fish, wildlife, and biological diversity; preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places; and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is in the best interests of all our people by encouraging stewardship and citizen participation in their care. The Department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in island territories under U.S. administration. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bruce Babbitt, Secretary U.S. BUREAU OF MINES Rhea Lydia Graham, Director FOREWORD The need for a revised mining dictionary is obvious when one considers the technological advances, environmental regulations, and other changes that have occurred since the Bureaus previous mining dictionaries were published. The Bureau had pioneered efforts in this field, beginning in 1918 with Fays Glossary of the Mining and Minerals Industry, and continuing to the 1968 publication A Dictionary of Mining, Minerals, and Related Terms. To develop a modern mining dictionary, the U.S. Bureau of Mines initiated a collaborative project with the American Geological Institute. The Bureaus staff, the Institutes staff and members, and many minerals experts throughout the Nation contributed their expertise to this work. In the 5-year projects final phase, more than 100 2 Bureau personnel were involved in the technical review and publication production process. I would like to thank all th