晕厥的分类及诊断(国外英文资料).docVIP

晕厥的分类及诊断 Classification and diagnosis of syncope In October 2014, Syncope is a brief loss of consciousness due to a transient cerebral perfusion of the brain. There is often a risk of sudden death without treatment. Syncope can be divided into nerve reflex, orthostatic hypotension, syncope, arrhythmia, syncope, organic heart disease, etc., pathophysiological process of simple but difficult to diagnose. The common method is to ask the history, the electrocardiogram, the upright tilt test and so on. Keywords: syncope, classification, diagnosis Syncope is caused by a short brain tissue ischemia, which is characterized by rapid, transient, self-limiting, and can fully recover consciousness 1. General syncope is characterized by premonitory symptoms, while malignant syncope is usually asymptomatic and the loss of consciousness occurs abruptly. Syncope occurs quickly and can be restored within a few seconds and the symptoms are almost gone. Because of the complexity of syncope, it is often difficult to diagnose, and not to be noticed, it is possible to die suddenly. So the classification and diagnosis of syncope is well worth studying. The physiological basis of syncope Syncope is caused by a lack of blood flow to the brain, so the pathological physiological factors that cause syncope are linked to blood flow. Cerebral perfusion pressure to a large extent dependent on arterial pressure, therefore, the decrease in cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance reducing lead to drop in blood pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure drop around. Venous capacity is the most important factor in determining cardiac output, so loss of blood volume and excess fluid retention will lead to syncope. Bradycardia, tachycardia and valvular disease can reduce cardiac output. Excessive dilation of blood vessels leads to lower blood pressure in the arteries, which is often the cause of reflexive syncope. Classification of syncope 1 neuroreflexive syncope syndrome Vertical tilt test Va