过去分词1.ppt

* * Past participle 胡静波 学习目标：(studying aims) 1.能看懂含有过去分词的短语和句子； 2.理解过去分词做定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法 3.理解过去分词与现在分词的区别 过去分词与现在分词的区别： 1 语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动 注：不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义，而不表示被动 an inspiring speech the inspired audience 鼓舞人心的演说 受到鼓舞的观众 The falling leaves the fallen leaves 落叶（正往下落的） 落叶（已经落到地面的） 2.时间关系不同：现在分词表动作正在进行，过去分词表动作完成 现在分词作定语，多表示“动作正在进行”或“与 谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。 过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词表 示的动作” 或“ 没有一定的时间性” 1. Do you know the boy _______(lie) under the big tree? 2. “Can’t you read?” Mary said angrily ________ (point) to the notice. 3. The woman ________(sell) vegetables has gone. 4. The wheat is watered by water ________(bring) from a pond. 5. He is a leader________ (respect) by the people. lying pointing selling brought respected 3 及物动词的过去分词(done)与现在分词的被动式 (being done)都可以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个 完成了的动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作. The problem discussed yesterday is about nouns. The problem being discussed is about nouns. 4. 过去分词（done）与现在分词的完成被动式 （having been done）都表示“完成”和“被动”，但前者 的时间性不变，而后者更加强调分词动作明显先于 谓语动作。 1.He is a teacher __________ (respect) by all. 2. _________________(tell)to stay in Beijing, the boy decided not to returned to his village. respected Having been told 1. 过去分词（短语）作表语时，其作用相当于adj., 说明的是主语的状态 All the windows are broken. All hope is gone. This article is well written. He appeared more satisfied with my work. 现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质或特征，意为“令人怎样”，有主动的意思。如： II. 过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别 The film is interesting. The news is surprising. The lecture is confusing. The performance was amusing. Homework: Textbook：P24 Ex.2. Ex.3 Workbook:P65 Ex.1 Ex.2