中考Unit19 直接引语与间接引语.docVIP

I say you can’t stand if you’ve got too much muck in your head. Let it go, and dance through life. --- Anderson Cooper Unit19 直接引语与间接引语 当我们引用别人的话时，可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。 两个概念： 直接引语，当我们引用别人的话时，若引用的是原话，被引用的部分叫做直接引语。 间接引语，当我们引用别人的话时，也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来，这种转述的别人说话的部分叫做间接引语。 Part one 直接引语与间接引语的构成 直接引语 构成步骤： 只需将原话放在引号之中，不作任何改动。 没有时态呼应的问题。 引用的原话前用逗号。 后引号之前，也就是重述的话的结尾，按其类别放一个句号或问号等。 She said, “You gave the book to me yourself.” The teacher asked, “Do you like English?” Mary said to me, “I lost my cell phone.” “Do you want to go swimming today?” Ben asked me. 间接引语 构成步骤： 不要逗号，冒号，引号。 要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的） 要考虑时态的变化。 要考虑时间状语，地点状语，和指示代词的变化。 She said that I had given the book to her myself. The teacher asked us whether we liked English. Mary told me that she had lost her cell phone. Ben asked me if I wanted to go swimming that day. Part two 直接引语与间接引语的转化 人称的变化 直接引语转化为间接引语时，间接引语中的人称会发生相应的变化，而且这种变化与汉语的变化是一致的。 John said, “I’ve been late again.” John said that he had been late again. Mary said, “I’ll finish the work this afternoon.” Mary said that she would finish the work that afternoon.” He said, “I’ll be seeing you off on the 10 o’clock train.” He said that he would be seeing me off on the 10 o’clock train. 时态的变化 直接引语转化为间接引语时，主句动词的时态若是过去时，间接引语中的时态要变为相应的过去时态。 直接引语中的时态 间接引语中的时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时，现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时（不变） 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 shall should should should(不变) will would would would(不变) may might might might can could could could(不变) She said, “I like maths very much.” (一般现在时) → She said that she liked maths very much.（一般过去时） He said,“ I’ve never seen this man.” （现在完成时） He said that he had never seen that man. （过去完成时） Joe said, “I am listening to music in my room.” （现在进行时） Joe said that he was listening to music in his room.（过去进行时） 时间状语，地点状语和指示代词的变化 直接引语转化为间接引语时，间接引语中的时间状语，地点状语和指示代词都会发生相应的变化。 直接引语中的状语，指示代词 间接引语中的状语，指示代词 today that