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我国长江中下游地区是研究人类早期文明尤其是稻作农业起源与发展的一个重要区域。中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所王伟铭研究员及其研究团队选取该地区受人类活动影响较小的自然剖面和考古点剖面，开展了包括高分辨率AMS14C测年、孢粉、炭屑、磁化率和粒度以及区域表土花粉和与农作物相关植物现代花粉形态等一系列研究。该研究重建了晚更新世以来自然植被-气候序列、新石器以来人类活动序列以及相互间的联系；提出了中国史前稻作农业的形成与发展的3个发展阶段，即起始阶段（8000 BC以前，与中石器时期大致相当）、发展阶段（8000 BC—5000 BC）和成熟阶段（自5000 BC之后）；认为早期农业的起始与人类开始选择平坦的区域定居紧密相关，并与陶器的出现相吻合；末次冰期后的全球性气候变暖促成了呈泛热带地区分布的野生稻开始向北迁移，以及当时的食物需求和储藏可能是引发稻作农业的另一大原因。全新世大暖期气候条件和人口的增加则极大地推动了研究区稻作农业的发展。研究结果很好地揭示了人类从狩猎-采集生活方式向农业生产的转变过程。此项研究成果即将在国际学术刊物Quaternary International上发表。 Exploration of early rice farming in China Wei-Ming Wang a, Jin-Long Ding b, Jun-Wu Shu a and Wei Chen c  a Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China b Suzhou Archaeological Institute, Suzhou 215001, Chinac Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China With the increasing accumulation of data on early rice farming in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, this region has become one of the most important places to trace the origin and development of agriculture. This paper gives a general evaluation of some early rice sites, including the Hemudu, Majiabang, Kuahuqiao, and Shangshan cultures in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River; the Pengtoushan and Chengbeixi cultures, and the Xianrendong, Diaotonghuan and Yuchanyan sites in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River; and the Jiahu site in North China, and recognizes three main development stages of the prehistoric rice forming in China, i.e. initial stage (before 8000 BC, approximately equal to Mesolithic Age), developing stage (between 8000 BC and 5000 BC) and maturating stage (since 5000 BC).The initiation of agriculture is suggested to come with the establishment of more or less sedentary residences, which coexists with the occurrence of pottery making. Warming climate after the last glaciations is considered as a major factor that allowed the distribution of the wild rice northward. Food requi