动词复习3.pptVIP

语态主要分为主动语态和被动语态两种。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 Many people speak English. （主动） English is spoken by many people. （被动） 被动语态的基本构成： be + 及物动词的过去分词 (done) 1）一般现在时被动语态的用法： 用于表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作。 构成： am / is / are + done English is widely used all over the world. He is called Father Christmas. 2）一般过去时被动语态的用法： 用于表示过去某一时刻的被动动作，常有过去时间状语作为标志。 构成： was / were + done The old buildings were pulled down last Friday. He was invited to Peter’s party yesterday evening. 3）一般将来时被动语态的用法： 用于表示将来某一时刻的被动动作，常有表示将来的时间状语作为标志。 构成： will be + done A book will be borrowed from the school library tomorrow. The flowers will be watered by us next week. 4）现在完成时被动语态的用法： 用于表示已经完成的被动动作，常有表示现在完成时的时间状语作为标志。 构成： have / has been + done The work has just been finished. Have the gifts been given to you yet? *5）含情态动词的被动语态的用法： 情态动词被动语态常表示具有特定情感色彩的被动动作。 构成： 情态动词+ be + done The work may be finished tomorrow. Must the test paper be handed in now? 主动语态向被动语态转换： 步骤一：把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 步骤二：把谓语变成被动结构(be done) 步骤三：把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作为宾语（主格改成宾格）。 They took the wounded soldier to … The wounded soldier We turn on the street lights at 7:30 in the evening. The street lights _____ ______ on at 7:30 in the evening. They took good care of my little dog while I was in Paris. My little dog _____ ______ good care of while I was in Paris. My mother has bought me a watch. I _____ ______ _______ a watch. A watch _____ _____ _____ ____me. 真题讲解： We publish our school newspaper twice a month. (05) Our school newspaper _____ _______ twice a month. The terrible earthquake destroyed thousands of houses in that area. (08) Thousands of houses in that area ______ ________ by the terrible earthquake. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs. (02) The noise must _____ _______ under 50 dbs here. That building is part of Shanghai’s history. It _____ many years ago. (07) A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built Many houses ____ in the big fire a few days ago. Wh