珊瑚树生殖生物学、种子发芽与衰化之研究.doc

珊瑚樹生殖生物學、種子發芽與衰化之研究 The Reproductive Biology, Seed Germination and Aging in Viburnum odoratissimum Ker 研究生：張夢蘭 Chang, Meng-Lan 指導教授：張焜標 Chang, Kun-Paio 【摘要】 珊瑚樹為台灣之原生樹種，主要分佈在台灣南部如恆春半島一帶。花主要於11月下旬至4月上旬；果於1月下旬至8月上旬。花序圓錐狀聚繖花序花器始原發生輪狀排列。花藥壁發育屬於雙子葉型，營養層為分泌型。花粉粒具三溝孔表面不規則之網紋之胚為核果，種子呈勺狀中間具凹溝，內部含有豐富的胚乳。Viburnum odoratissimun (Caprifoliaceae) is an indigenous tree species to Taiwan. The species mainly distributes in the southern part of Taiwan. Flowers bloom between the late November to the early April. Fruit sets between the late January to the early August. Inflorescence is paniculate-cymose. Petal in corolla is arranged monosymmetry. The surface of bract and flower axis is cover with numerous trichomes. Initiation order of floral primordia is centripetal or acropetal. The development of anther wall layers belongs to dicotyledonous type and anther wall showed fibrous when the pollen matured. Meanwhile the tapetum is secretory type. Microspore mother cell undertakes meiosis with cytokinesis simultaneously to produce tetrahedral tetrads enclosed with callose wall. The mature pollen grains are tricoporate with irregular reticulate sculptures on the surface. The style with transmitting tissue is solid type. Ovary has three cells, only one cell is able to develop to embryo sac. The ovule is anatropous. Nucellus is tenuinucellate type. Megaspore mother cell produce tetra arranged linearly. It belongs to the monosporic type. Mature embryo sac has one egg cell, two synergids, two polar nuclei and three to several antipode cells. Synergids have filiform apparatus and would disappear after pollination. The mature embryo is belonged to rudimentary type and need after ripening to germinate. Endosperm appears as celluar type with endosperm cavity. The fruit is a drupe fruit. In the process of fruit development the growth pattern of different parts is all single S type. The storage material of starch and reducing sugar is increased with the developmental time. The prote