英语方言大揭秘：当伦敦音遭遇威尔士英语.doc

英语方言大揭秘：当伦敦音遭遇威尔士英语 With countless British accents shaped by thousands of years of history, there are few English-speaking nations with as many varieties of language in such a small space. 经过上千年历史的演变，在讲英语的国家中，很少有哪个国家像英国一样，在这么个小地方拥有如此多的英语变种。 Received Pronunciation 标准发音 Received Pronunciation is the closest accent to “Standard British” that has ever existed in the UK.? Although it originally derives from London English, it is non-regional. The accent emerged from the 18th- and 19th-Century aristocracy, and has remained the “gold standard” ever since. 在英国，从来就不存在“标准英语”一说，与其最接近的就是标准发音了。标准发音发源于伦敦英语，但并不属于地方发音。这种口音源于18、19世纪的英国贵族，自此，就成了发音的“黄金标准”了。 Cockney 考克尼（伦敦东郊贫民英语） Cockney is probably the second most famous of British Accents. It originated in the East End of London, but shares many features with and influences other dialects in that region. 考克尼也许是除了标准发音之外的最有名的英国口音了。考克尼源于伦敦东部，深受当地的其他方言的影响，也与它们有着很多共同特点。 Estuary English (Southeast British Accents) 河口英语（英国东南部口音） Estuary is an accent derived from London English which has achieved a status slightly similar to “General American” in the US. Features of this accent can be heard around Southeast England, East Anglia, and perhaps further afield. 河口英语口音来源于伦敦英语，现在它在英国的地位有点类似于“通用美国英语”在美国的地位。河口英语口音分布在英格兰东南部，东英吉利地区，更远的地方可能也有分布。 Geordie 基尼英语（英格兰东北部口音） Geordie usually refers to both the people and dialect of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, in Northeast England. The word may also refer to accents and dialects in Northeast England in general. 基尼英语指从英格兰东北部的纽卡斯尔到泰恩河之间的区域，人们所讲的方言。这一地区的人也叫做基尼人。基尼英语也可泛指英格兰东北部的口音和方言。 Midlands English 中部英语 Midlands English is one of the more stigmatized of English dialect groupings. The most famous of these dialects is Brummie. 中部英语在英语方言群中比较有标志性。其中最有名的当属伯明翰口音了。 Northern England English 北英格兰英语 These are the accents and dialect spoken north of the midlands, in cities like Manchester, Leeds, and Liverpool. Related accents also found in rural Yorkshire. 英格兰中北部包括曼彻斯特、利兹、利物浦等地所说的英语都属于此类。约克郡郊区也有类似的口音。 Welsh English 威尔士英语 This refe