土木工程外文译文.docxVIP

1.外文资料? The?Tall?Office?Building?Artistically? Considered? by?Louis?H.?Sullivan,?March,?1896? ? The?architects?of?this?land?and?generation?are?now?brought?face?to?face?with?something?new?under?the?sun?namely,?thatevolution?and?integration?of?social?conditions,?that?special?grouping?of?them,?that?results?in?a?demand?for?the?erectionof?tall?office?buildings.? It?is?not?my?purpose?to?discuss?the?social?conditions;?I?accept?them?as?the?fact,?and?say?at?once?that?the?design?of?the?tall?office?building?must?be?recognized?and?confrontedat?the?outset?as?a?problem?to?be?solved?a?vital?problem,?pressing?for?a?true?solution.? Let?us?state?the?conditions?in?the?plainest?manner.?Briefly,they?are?these:?offices?are?necessary?for?the?transaction?obusiness;?the?invention?and?perfection?of?the?high?speed?elevators?make?vertical?travel,?that?was?once?tedious?and?painful,?now?easy?and?comfortable;?development?of?steel?manufacturehas?shown?the?way?to?safe,?rigid,?economical?constructions?rising?to?a?great?height;?continued?growth?of?population?in?the?great?cities,?consequent?congestion?of?centers?and?rise?in?value?of?ground,?stimulate?an?increase?in?number?of?stories;?these?successfully?piled?one?upon?another,?react?on?ground?values?and?so?on,?by?action?and?reaction,?interaction?and?inter?reaction.?Thus?has?come?about?that?form?of?lofty?construction?called?the?modern?office?building.?It?has?comein?answer?to?a?call,?for?in?it?a?new?grouping?of?social?conditions?has?found?a?habitation?and?a?name.? Up?to?this?point?all?in?evidence?is?materialistic,?an?exhibition?of?force,?of?resolution,?of?brains?in?the?keen?senseof?the?word.?It?is?the?joint?product?of?the?speculator,?thengineer,?the?builder.?Problem:?How?shall?we?impart?to?this?sterile?pile,?this?crude,?harsh,?brutal?agglomeration,?this?stark,?staring?exclamation?of?eternal?strife,?the?graciousnessof?these?higher?forms?of?sensibility?and?culture?that?rest?on?the?lower?and?fiercer?passions??How?s