2017届高三英语一轮复习课件：非谓语动词2要点.ppt

非谓语动词 （2） 非谓语动词作定语 一. 不定时作定语 1. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点，工具等，不定时后面需有相应的介词。 The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time/place/way时，不定式后面的介词通常省去。 He had no money and place to live ( in ). 2.不定时作定语的几种情况 （ 1 ）不定式表将来 The car to be bought is for his sister. ( 2 )用来修饰被序数词，最高级或no/all/any等限定的中心词为逻辑上的主动关系。 He was the best man to do the job. She was the first woman to win the gold medal n the Olympic Games. ( 3 )有些名词的同根词常跟不定式，因而他们也常跟不定式作定语。常见的有promise/plan/attempt/offer/decision/refusal Failure/ability/chance/warning/anxiety/eagerness/willingness/readiness等 I don’t trust his promise to come for a visit. ( 比较 He promised to come for a visit.) He said he had no plans to go there. ( 比较 He didn’t plan to go there.) Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds to stay away. ( 比较 Birds warn other birds to stay away.) He made an attempt to stand up. ( 比较 He attempted to stand up. ) 题组训练 单项填空 The ability _______ an idea is as important as The idea itself. A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D . to be expressed With the world changing fast , we have something new______ with all by ourselves Every day. A . deal B . Dealt C .to deal D . dealing C C 3.不定式的主动形式和被动形式 ( 1 ）不定时修饰的名词或代词和不定式在逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。 Do you have a knife to cut the watermelon? ( The knife cut the watermelon.) ( 2 ) 不定时和他前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，有何该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。 She has a sister to look after. ( She looks after her sister.) ( 3 ) There be 句型中，当说话人考虑的是必须由人去完成某件实时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须被完成，则用被动形式。 There is a lot of work to do. ( Some one has to do the work.) There is a lot of work to be done. ( The work has to be done .) 二.分词作定语 1. 作定语的及物动词的分词形式为：v-ing Bing+ 过去分词、过去分词。当被修饰的名词与动词为主动关系时，用v-ing ; 当被修饰的名词与动词为被动关系且表正在进行时，用bing + 过去分词；当被修饰的名词与动词为被动关系时，用过去分词。 The houses being built are for the teachers . （ 被动，正在进行 ） “Things lost never come again .”I couldn’t help talking to myself. （ 被动，完成 ） I have never seen a more moving movie. ( 主动，表特征 ） 2. 作定语的