[2017年整理]高级英语修辞手法simile.docVIP

1、生动形象的Simile （明喻） ? simile （明喻）是一种最简单、最常用的修辞方法，也是运用最为广泛的一种修辞手段。在文学作品中尤其如此。《文学词汇词典》（A Dictionary of Literary Terms）对明喻是这样定义的： A figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is explicit comparison (as opposed to the metaphor where comparison is implicit) recognizable by the use of words “like” or “as”. 。 ——本体（A）用比喻词与另一种具有鲜明的同一特征的事物——喻体（B）联系起来。常用的比喻词有 as（如）， like（像）， seem（似乎）， as if（好像）， as though（好像）， such as（像……一样）等。其基本格式是“A is like B”或“A is as…as B”。 Simile在英语中应用得很广泛，用以状物、写景、抒情、喻理，可收到生动形象，简单明了，新鲜有趣的修辞效果。先看引自《大学英语·精读》（笔者按：系指董亚芬总主编的大学英语系列教材(College English)中的《精读（Intensive Reading 1-6册）》[修订本]，上海外语教育出版社，1997。下同）中的几个例子。 The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Book 1, Unit 3） 。 ——她多么失望，就让那张令她伤心的支票随它去吧！这个明喻的比喻词是like。 Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit we cannot flower and grow without it.? (Book 2, Unit 10) 。 like。 He looked at me with an air of surprised disappointed, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlace were undone.? (Book 2, Unit 4) 。 “我”这位求职者傲慢自大，不屑一顾的神气。这句用的比喻词是as。 like和 as作比喻词。例如： Wit without learning is like a tree without fruit. 。 Choose an author as you choose a friend. 。 Credit lost is like a Venice-glass broke. 。 Use a book as a bee does flowers. 。 ： Light as a breeze, soft as a cloud. ??? 。 ？ Cool as a mountain stream…cool fresh Consulate. ……清凉甘爽的Consulate香烟。 Consulate 牌香烟的广告。广告将该香烟比作山间溪流，言下之意是，Consulate 牌香烟犹如山间溪流那样清新、甘爽、提神、醒脑……通过比喻把该烟的特点表现的淋漓尽致，使人难以忘怀。 as + 形容词+ as +名词（第一个as可省略）。例如： (as) blind as a bat?????????? 豆 (as) cool as cucumber??????? 若 (as) cold as a marble???????? 霜 (as) busy as a bee??????????? 忙 (as) firm as a rock??????????? 石 (as) light as a feather????????? 毛 (as) mute as an oyster????????? 蝉 (as) strong as horse?????????? 牛 like构成。例如： like a duck to water????????? 水 like a hen on a hot griddle???? 蚁 like a cat in a hole??????????? 鳖 A is like B. 和A is as…as B. ??? 英语中的明喻可以多种格式体现，其他的格式或句型还有： 1?? 最常见的是用as if或as though作比喻词，另外还