名师指导：不定式用法小结.doc

名师指导：不定式用法小结 1) 目的状语 To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。 I come here only to say good-bye to you.我来仅仅是向你告别。 2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 What have I said to make you angry. He searched the room only to find nothing. 3) 表原因 Im glad to see you. 典型例题 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 答案：B.如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于形容词+动词不定式结构的末尾。 典型例题 1) ---- I usually go there by train. ---- Why not ___ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D.try going 答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。 2) Paul doesnt have to be made ___. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。 动词不定式的否定式 Tell him not to shut the window… She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。 典型例题 1) Tell him ___ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 答案：B。 tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth. 2)She pretended ___ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 答案：A。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。 3) Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never driver C. never driving D. never drive 答案：A。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never. 4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 答案：A。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此B，D不对。 5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation. A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 答案：C。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。 不定式的特殊句型too…to… 1) too…to 太…以至于… He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了，说不出话来。 ---- Can I help you ? 需要我帮忙吗? ---- Well, Im afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all