词素第3讲.pptVIP

;1. How many approaches of word-formation? The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on word-formation. There is a variety of means being at work now. The most productive are affixation, compounding and conversion;Morphological structure of English words;Each morpheme has its own meaning. So a word is not the smallest unit on lingustic basis, many words can be separated into even smallest meaningful morphemes . Take “denatura- lization” for example. This word can be broken down into “de”, “nature”, “al”,”ize”, “ation”, each having meaning of its own. ;Classification of morphemes; ;Bound morphemes are chiefly found in derived words.;Word 抽象是词，具体是字; An allomorph refers to a member of a set of morphs, which represent one morpheme. In another word, the different forms of a morpheme are its allomorphs . Such as : 1) ‘ Be’ takes two morphs : ‘was’ and ‘were’ . 2) Look at --s--in “cats”, “bags” and “matches”. The different pronunciation of “s” are all allomorphs. ;;;;How about -er-in smaller, winner, eraser?;Bound morpheme includes:bound root and affix(缀词）; ;Root ;When a root morpheme is combined with an affix, it forms a stem.;Base is equivalent to root.;;;;思考题