英语基本句型和句子成分.ppt

a heavy rain 2. in the laboratory 3. a man always writing articles 4. mentally and physically healthy 5. see a film 6. Mr. Li will visit you at 2：00 pm. 7. Stand up ！ ;;英语五种基本句型： 基本句型一：? 主语+谓语??????? 基本句型二：? 主语+谓语(系)+表语??? 基本句型三：? 主语+谓语?+宾语? 基本句型四：? 主语+谓语?+间宾+直宾 基本句型五：? 主语+谓语?+宾语?+宾补 ;Ｓ │ Ｖ （vi.不及物动词）主语+谓语;Ｓ │Ｖ(系动词)│ Ｐ 主语+谓语(系)+表语;Ｓ │Ｖ（vt. 及物动词）│ Ｏ 主语+谓语?+宾语;Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ I.O（多指人） │ D.O（多指物） 主语+谓语?+间宾+直宾;有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，这类动词有 give, show, send, bring, pass, lend, teach, tell, write ,throw, sell等，表示动作是对谁做的。如： Can you give me your book? =Can you give your book to me? 有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，这类动词有buy, get, make, order, choose等，表示动作是为谁做的。如： My uncle bought me a watch. =My uncle bought a watch for me.;有些动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，称为宾补，才能使意思完整。;Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ Ｏ │ O.Ｃ 主语+谓语?+宾语?+宾补;It’s been a long time since we left our junior middle school. How is everything going? Do you still remember how I hated English? We can hear the loudness and the musical tone of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. Through his sense of humour, he has made learning more enjoyable. ;1. 主语 ( Subject );2. 谓语 ( Predicate );3. 宾语 ( Object );4. 表语 ( Predicative );5. 宾补(Object Complement) ;但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语主要是单词（adj./adv./num.数词） 、短语（介词短语、非谓语短语等）、句子。我们称之为： 定语、状语 ;定语(attributive);状语(adverbial); He sits there, asking for a pen. Frightened, he sits there soundlessly. To make his dream come true, Tom becomes very interested in business. As he was leaving the office, it started to rain. ;同位语（appositive);独立成分：;(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasnt done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.;(二) 挑出下列句中的表语 -- The old man was feeling very tired. -- The leaves have turned yellow. -- Soon they all became