专八改错真题02年-12年.docVIP

2012年 The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavored certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _______ 2011年 　From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew ?that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about ??????? ?1__________ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so ?with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that ???????? 2___________ soon or later I should have to settle down and write books.???????????????? 3___________ ? I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years ?????? 4__________ on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon de