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BEES: Bandwidth- and Energy- Ef?cient Image Sharing for Real-time Situation Awareness Pengfei Zuo, Yu HuaB, Xue Liu?, Dan Feng, Wen Xia, Shunde Cao, Jie Wu, Yuanyuan Sun, Yuncheng Guo Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Computer, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China ? McGill University, Montreal, Canada B Corresponding Author: csyhua@ Abstract—In order to save human lives and reduce injury to Internet of smartphones, smartphones based crowdsourcing and property loss, Situation Awareness (SA) information is for sharing image-based information is important and helpful essential and important for rescue workers to perform the to support SA. For example, crowdsourcing has been applied effective and timely disaster relief. The information is generally derived from the shared images via widely used smartphones. in the Nepal earthquake to collect the latest information from However, conventional smartphone-based image sharing schemes earthquake-affected areas and create a dynamic map that fail to ef?ciently meet the needs of SA applications due to shows the locations in which aid and relief are needed [6]. two main reasons, i.e., real-time transmission requirement and In the Typhoon Haiyan (2013), as part of the relief efforts, application-level image redundancy, which is exacerbated by social medias using the shared images have been exploited limited bandwidth and energy availability. In order to provide ef?cient image sharing in disasters, we propose a bandwidth- and explored by volunteers to show where the most help is and energy- ef?cient image sharing system, called BEES. The needed [7]. salient feature behind BEES is to propose the concept of Although the image-based information is bene?cial for Approximate Image Sharing (AIS), which explores and exploits SA, the image sharing via smartphones bas