The United Kingdom电子课件4.pptVIP

Period 3　Grammar ;1．作宾语补足语的过去分词一般是及物动词，表示被动和完成的意义。过去分词作宾补时，和它前面的宾语构成“宾语＋过去分词”的复合结构。在这种结构中，宾语与过去分词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。;(1)在表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如see，hear，feel，watch，notice，think，find等后面作宾语补足语。 I was glad to see the child well taken care of. 我很高兴看到孩子受到了很好的照料。 When he arrived，he found all the work finished. 当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都做完了。 She heard the door shut with a bang. 她听到门咣的一声关上了。 She felt a great load taken off her mind. 她觉得思想上去掉了一个重担。;(2)在表示使役的动词，如：get，let，make，help，have，keep等后面作宾语补足语。 He made it known to everyone that he was right. 他使每个人都明白他是对的。 He kept the windows shut all the year. 他全年都关着窗户。 They got their telephone put in only yesterday. 他们家昨天才装电话。 You must get your article finished before going home.回家之前，你必须先把文章写完。; (3)在表示“希望”“愿望”等意义的动词，如：want，wish，like，expect等后面作宾语补足语。 The teacher expected all the students well prepared for the exam. 老师希望所有学生都为考试作好了准备。 He wants his composition read by every classmate. 他想每个同学都读他的作文。 ; (4)作介词的宾补，主要用于“with/without＋复合结构”中。 They left with all the dishes untouched. 他们走了，所有的菜都没动过。 With the problems settled，he felt quite happy. 问题都解决了，他感到很高兴。; (5)及物动词的过去分词作宾补和宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，具有被动意味，而现在分词和不定式则和宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系，具有主动意味。 I observed all the rooms broken into. 我观察到所有房间都被人闯入过。 I can hear their dog howling. 我可以听见他们的狗在狂吠。 ;2．过去分词、现在分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别。 它们的区别主要表现在语态和时间关系上，即过去分词与宾语之间是被动关系，不及物动词的过去分词只表示动作的完成，现在分词与宾语之间是主动关系，不定式与宾语之间也是主动关系。过去分词形式常表示动作已经完成，而现在分词多表示动作正在进行，不定式强调动作发生的全过程。 We found the trees planted already. We found many people planting trees there. I saw him go into the dining room.;完成句子 ①To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English________as much as we can.(speak) ②John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work________，he gladly accepted it.(finish) ③Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English________in a short period.(improve) ④Im going to have my car________.(fix) 【答案】①spoken　②finished　③improved　④fixed ;Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The master ordered the dinner ________ (serve) at once. 2．We saw the thief ___