2017年中考英语《非谓语动词》语法专题课件(共38张PPT).ppt

非谓语动词;非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种，其中分词包括现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制。 非谓语动词既有动词性质（比如可以有自己的宾语、状语等），又有非动词性质（比如动名词相当于名词；分词相当于形容词和副词；不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词等）。 ;;动词不定式 动词不定式可以在句中作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语等。 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，有时to可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为“not+动词不定式”。 ;e.g. To learn English well is difficult. 动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用it代替它作形式主语，而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置，上面的例句常写为：It’s difficult to learn English well.;形式主语代替动词不定式的常用句型为： It’s + adj. + (of / for sb.) to do sth.或 It’s +n. +(for sb.) to do sth.。 e.g. It’s very nice of you to offer me a seat. It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. It was great fun to have a picnic there.;考点二：作宾语。 常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有agree, afford, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, offer, prepare, plan, promise, refuse, want等。 注意：在find,?think等后跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语——动词不定式后置。 e.g. I?find?it?hard?to?get?along?with?him.? ;1. They decided _____ a bridge over the river. (2015四川遂宁) A. build B. to build C. building 2. I?wanted?to?see?the?Beijing?Opera,?so? Lingling?offered?____?me?to?watch?an? opera.?????(2016天津) A. took?????????? B. takes??????????????????? C. to?take????????? D. taking;3. She?said?she?hoped?______her?daughter.?? (2016湖南邵阳) A. to?see?????????B. you?to?see????????C. seeing 4. I?can’t?tell?you?what?she?said.?I’ve? promised?_____?it?a?secret.????(2016上海)? A. keep??????????? B. to?keep????????????? C. keeping????????????D. kept??;考点三：作宾语补足语。 1.?一些动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，这类动词有allow, call, want, tell, advise, ask, warn, encourage, invite, order, teach等。 提示：help跟的宾语补足语既可以是带to 的动词不定式，也可以是不带to的动词不 定式。 e.g. Can you help the girl (to) move the chair?;2.?使役动词(如make, let等)及感官动词(如see, feel, hear, watch, notice等)后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时需省略to。 注意在变为被动语态时要加上to。 e.g. I saw a young man enter the room. She was often heard to sing this song.;1. Our teacher often advises us _____ the habit of making notes while reading. (2016苏州)?