Higgs Mechanism via Bose Einstein Condensation.pdfVIP

a r X i v : h e p - p h / 0 3 0 6 0 2 7 v 1 3 J u n 2 0 0 3 Higgs Mechanism via Bose-Einstein Condensation Francesco Sannino? and Kimmo Tuominen? NORDITA, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen ?, Denmark (Dated: June 2003) Recently the Bose-Einstein phenomenon has been proposed as possible physical mechanism un- derlying the spontaneous symmetry breaking in cold gauge theories. The mechanism is natural and we use it to drive the electroweak symmetry breaking. The mechanism can be implemented in different ways while here we review two simple models in which the Bose-Einstein sector is felt directly or indirectly by all of the standard model fields. The structure of the corrections due to the new mechanism is general and independent on the model used leading to experimental signatures which can be disentangled from other known extensions of the standard model. I. INTRODUCTION The Standard Model of particle interactions has passed numerous experimental tests [1] but despite the experimental successes it is commonly believed that it is still incomplete. The spontaneous breaking of the electroweak symmetry, for example, has been the subject of intensive studies and different models have been proposed to try to accommodate it in a more general and satisfactory framework. Technicolor theories [2] and supersymmetric extensions [3] of the Standard Model are two relevant examples. In [4, 5] we explored the possibility that the relativistic Bose-Einstein phenomenon [6, 7] is the cause of electroweak symmetry breaking. In [4] we introduced a new global symmetry of the Higgs field and associated a chemical potential μ with the generators of such a new symmetry. A relevant property of the theory was that the chemical potential induced a, non renormalizable and hence protected against quadratic divergences, direct negative mass squared for the Higgs field at the tree level destabilizing the symmetric vacuum and triggering symmetry breaking. The local gauge symmetries were broken