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Controllable growth of nanostructured carbon from coal tar pitch by chemical vapor deposition.pdf

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Controllable growth of nanostructured carbon from coal tar pitch by chemical vapor deposition

Ad X s t o ? K 1 f g [ [ a fi b C t d t a n f f T C 0 dMaterials Chemistry and Physics 104 (2007) 320–326 Controllable growth of nanostructured carbon from coal tar pitch by chemical vapor deposition Xuguang Liu a,b, Yongzhen Yang a,c, Weiyun Ji a,b, Hongyan Liu a,b, Chunyi Zhang a,c, Bingshe Xu a,c,? a Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials of Taiyuan University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan 030024, China b College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China c College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China Received 31 August 2006; received in revised form 12 March 2007; accepted 17 March 2007 bstract The direct synthesis of vapor grown carbon fibers with different diameters was achieved by the pyrolysis of coal tar pitch by chemical vapor eposition. The products were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, -ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The experimental results demonstrated that ferrocene content, reaction temperature and Ar flow rate trongly influenced the yield and nature of nanostructured carbon materials, pure carbon microbeads, with diameter distribution ranging from 450 o 650 nm, were also obtained in the absence of catalyst, uniform and straight carbon nanofibers with the outer diameter of about 115 nm were btained and curl and thick carbon fibers with narrow diameter distribution of 300–350 nm were produced. aman N h C p s t a b I w c p a fi r 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. eywords: Nanostructures; Chemical vapor deposition; Electron microscopy; R . Introduction Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been used for decades or the low cost production of carbon materials, such as vapor rown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs) [1,2], carbon nanotubes 3–5], carbon nanospheres [6] and carbon microbeads (CMBs) 7]. VGCNFs and CMBs h