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Controllable quantum spin precession by Aharonov-Casher phase in conducting ring.pdf

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Controllable quantum spin precession by Aharonov-Casher phase in conducting ring

a r X i v : c o n d - m a t / 0 4 0 7 5 9 4 v 1 [ c o n d - m a t .m e s - h a l l ] 2 2 J u l 2 0 0 4 Controllable quantum spin precession by Aharonov-Casher phase in conducting ring Shun-Qing Shen Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pukfulam Road, Hong Kong, China Zhi-Jian Li Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Zhongshui Ma State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China (Dated: June 26, 2003) Abstract We investigate quantum spin transport in a structure of conducting ring, embedded in textured electric field, with two leads, and obtain an exact solution for the problem. The spin precession induced by the Aharonov-Casher phase is studied. It is shown that the spin-polarized current and its polarizability can be controlled by the electric field. As a result the polarizability is a function of the geometric phase which originates from the spin-orbital interaction in the ring. PACS numbers: 72.25.-b, 03.65.Vf 1 In the recent years spin transport has attracted considerable interests because of its po- tential applications in semiconductor electronics and quantum computation1,2,3. How to control or to modulate spin polarized current is one of important steps in the investigation of spin coherence in electronic systems. Datta and Das4 proposed a spin field-effect transis- tor (FET), in which spin polarization of charge carriers precesses when the charge carriers transmit through a 2D semiconductor channel between a ferromagnetic spin injector and a ferromagnetic spin collector. It is well known that, in semiconductor heterostructures, the spin-orbit or Rashba interaction makes spin-orbit splitting of the conduction electron energy band. Such splitting produces spin precession while the electrons go through the semiconduc- tor channel. Experimentally, the Rashba coupling can be adjusted by an electric field such that a spin-polarized current inject