chapter 4 拼缀构词法.ppt

* Chapter 4 Blending， Backformation and Shortening Blending is a process of word formation by which a word is created by combining parts of other words. Words formed in this way are called blends. From morphological viewpoints, there are four types of blending: botel: boat + hotel 汽艇游客旅馆 smaze: smoke + haze 烟霾 advertistics: advertising + statistics 广告统计学 1. The first part of the first word + the last part of the second word: autocide: automobile + suicide 撞车自杀 altiport: altitude + airport 高山短距起落机场 ballute: balloon + parachute 减速汽球 chunnel: channel + tunnel 海峡隧道 lunacast: lunar + telecast 登月电视广播 carbecue: car + barbecue 一种用火烤法处理废弃车辆 的熔车装置 jazzotheque: jazz + discotheque 爵士音乐夜总会 lunarnaut: lunar + astronaut 登月宇宙航行员 2. the whole part of the first word + last part of the second word: Nixonomics: Nixon + economics 尼克松的经济政策 workfare : work + welfare 工作福利 helipad: helicopter + pad 直升飞机升降场 medicaid: medical + aid 美国的医疗补助方案 medicare: medical + care 医疗照顾方案 3. the whole form of the second word + the first part of the first word: Eurasian: Europe + Asian 欧亚混血儿 motown: motor + town 汽车城 psywar: psychological + warfare 心里战 Amerind: American + Indian 美洲印第安人 memcon: memorandum + conversation 谈话记录 4. the first part of the first word + the first part of the second word: sitcom: situation + comedy 情景喜剧 comint: communications + intelligence 通讯情报 humint: human + intelligence 间谍情报 comsat: communications + satellite 通讯卫星 The words formed in this way are often regarded as nonce words. However , some words have been accepted into standard English such as brunch, smog, motel. It seems in scientific fields, this process of word formation is especially useful in lexicalizing a scientific concep