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Catalytic conversion of waste tyres into valuable hydrocarbons.pdf

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Catalytic conversion of waste tyres into valuable hydrocarbons

ORIGINAL PAPER Catalytic conversion of waste tyres into valuable hydrocarbons Jasmin Shah ? M. Rasul Jan ? Fazal Mabood Published online: 14 July 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007 Abstract Tyre recycling has become a necessity because of the huge piles of tyres that represent a threat to the environment. The used tyres represent a source of energy and valuable chemical products. Waste tyres were pyrol- ysed catalytically in a batch reactor under atmospheric pressure. Calcium carbide was used as a catalyst to explore its effect on pyrolysis product distribution. The effect of temperature, amount of catalyst and time on the yields of the pyrolysed products was investigated. Char yield de- creased with increase of pyrolysis temperature while total gas and liquid yields increased. The liquid fraction was obtained with boiling point up to 320 C. The physical and chemical properties of the pyrolysed products obtained were characterized. The catalytic pyrolysis produced 45 wt.% aromatic, 35 wt.% aliphatic and 20 wt.% of polar hydrocarbons. The distillation data showed that ~80% of oil has boil- ing point below 270 C which is the boiling point for 50% of distilled product in commercial diesel oil. The oil frac- tion was found to have high gross calorific value; GCV (42.8 MJ kg–1). Its Specific gravity, viscosity, Kinematic viscosity, freezing point and diesel index were also within the limits of diesel fuel. The char residues were studied to investigate their characteristics for use as a possible adsorbent. Surface area of char before and after acid demineralization was deter- mined to determine the adsorptive features for waste water treatment. Keywords Catalytic pyrolysis Waste tyre Liquid fuel Calcium carbide Introduction The negative environmental impacts caused by disposal of waste automotive tyres in landfills or by incineration can be reduced by recovery of constituent chemicals and energy content by a number of available technologies. The con-