2008年考研英语试题超详解.pdfVIP

12008年试题超详解 Section I Use of English 一、文章概述 出处 标题 主题 题材 体裁 The Economist（《经济 学人》）（2005.6） The Evolution of Intelligence （《智商的进化》） 人类中不同族群的智商 有高低之分 科普 说明文 本文的中心主线由首段前两句点出：The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. 第一句讲有一个人们都避而不谈的假说，即 some groups of people may be more intelligent than others（某些族群比其他族群更为聪明）。第二句中出现关键线索词 But，表示转折关系，讲一个叫格雷 戈里·科克伦（Gregory Cochran）的人敢于探讨这一假说。所以本文的中心主线就是探讨“人类中某 些族群比其他族群更聪明”的问题，后面的分述一定是围绕着格雷戈里·科克伦如何敢于探讨这一假 说以及如何阐述这个观点展开的。 句①和句②是总述，提出观点：人类不同族群的智商存在高低之分。（The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway.） 第二段：引入具体的研究，指出有一个群体确实比其他群体更聪明（…he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others.） 第三段：具体论述这个高智商族群的优点以及更容易患某些遗传性疾病这 一特点，阐述了这二者之间的联系和成因（This group generally do well in IQ test, … They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer.） 总述 分 述 文 章 首段 支 持 文 章 第 二 段 和 第 三 段 二、语篇精读及试题精解 ① The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name.② But Gregory Cochran is ①有关某些族群比其他族群更为聪明的观 点是一个无人敢于说出来的假说。②然而 不管怎样，格雷戈里·科克伦已准备好说 题源分析 文章主线 文章架构 P1 21 to say it anyway.③ He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution.④ He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested. 出这一观点。③他是那种特立独行的人， 一个不隶属于任何机构的独立科学家。④ 他曾经帮助普及了这样一种观点，即某些 之前被认为不是由细菌引起的疾病其实是 感染造成的。当他第一次提出这种观点 时，曾引起了激烈的争论。 hypothesis /haI9páT@sIs/ n. 假说，假设：We have proved the hypothesis. 我们已经证明了这种 假设。 popularize /9pápjUl@raIz/ v. 普及，推广：The company is trying to popularize its new products. 公司在努力推广新产品。 bacter