Simulation Framework for Training Chest Tube Insertion Using Virtual Reality and Force Feed.pdfVIP

Abstract—Most virtual reality simulators are designed for complex medical procedures, such as laparoscopic surgery. While important, these simulators are of use for only a subset of specialized doctors. There is a need for simulators that train clinicians to perform more common procedures, such as chest tube insertion, which all medical students must learn. This work describes the design of a virtual reality simulator that utilizes force feedback devices (SensAble OMNIs) to train the cognitive and motor tasks that underlie the chest tube insertion procedure. The simulator’s design is focused upon the delivering the examination context rather than emphasizing the material interaction algorithm that governs force feedback. The resultant framework is designed to address issues with current teaching practices. In particular, the design incorporates elements of good teaching style, including repetition, feedback and assessment. Also introduced are two concepts (the grouping and presentation of cognitive tasks in blocks; navigation and status aids) to help trainees more readily learn the examination’s numerous steps. The simulated training environment includes a pre-simulation test, vitals monitor, virtual operating room environment, and post performance report. I. INTRODUCTION ACH year more people die from medical errors in hospitals than from motor vehicle accidents, AIDS, and breast cancer combined [1]. One-half of all adverse events in medicine are the product of an invasive procedure [2]. These adverse events can be attributed to error, negligence, and lack of ability and could potentially be prevented, given improved training. Virtual reality (VR) training may improve doctors’ performance, as evidenced in the domain of surgery. In a study performed by Yale researchers, surgical residents who received VR training made fewer errors in the live procedures they subsequently performed compared to those who did not receiv