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Nano-fibrous scaffolding promotes osteoblast differentiation and biomineralization.pdf

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Nano-fibrous scaffolding promotes osteoblast differentiation and biomineralization

ARTICLE IN PRESS0142-9612/$ - se doi:10.1016/j.bi Correspond Sciences, Unive 2211, Ann Arbo E-mail addrBiomaterials 28 (2007) 335–343 /locate/biomaterialsNano-fibrous scaffolding promotes osteoblast differentiation and biomineralization Kyung Mi Wooa,b,c, Ji-Hae Juna, Victor J. Chend, Jihye Seoa, Jeong-Hwa Baeka,b, Hyun-Mo Ryooa,b, Gwan-Shik Kima,b, Martha J. Somermane, Peter X. Mac,d,f, aSchool of Dentistry, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-740, Republic of Korea bDental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Seoul 110-740, Republic of Korea cDepartment of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA dDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA eDepartment of Periodontology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA fMacromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Received 16 April 2006; accepted 13 June 2006 Available online 18 July 2006Abstract Nano-fibrous poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds with interconnected pores were developed under the hypothesis that nano-fibrous scaffolding would mimic a morphological function of collagen fibrils to create a more favorable microenvironment for cells versus solid- walled scaffolds. In this study, an in vitro system was used to examine biological properties of the nano-fibrous scaffolds compared with those of solid-walled scaffolds for their potential use in bone tissue engineering. Biomineralization was enhanced substantially on the nano-fibous scaffolds compared to solid-walled scaffolds, and this was confirmed by von Kossa staining, measurement of calcium contents, and transmission electron microscopy. In support of this finding, osteoblasts cultured on the nano-fibrous scaffolds exhibited higher alkaline phosphatase activity and an earlier and enhanced expression of the osteoblast phenotype versus solid-walled scaffolds. Most notable