6. Jonathan Swift.pptVIP

Jonathan Swift I. Life (1667-1745) Be born in Dublin, Ireland A posthumous son Trinity College in Dublin Sir William Temple To work in a little church Whigs Tories A dictator of political opinions To join in the struggles of Irish people He died in asylum. II. Major Works 1. A Tale of a Tub: a religious satire A father (Christ) Coats (Christian doctrines) Peter: Roman Catholics Martin: Anglicans Jack: Puritans It is a satire upon all religious sects. Allegory parable fable 这组字都是指用虚构的人物和事件编成的故事，以教导或说明一项道德原则。 Allegory和parable均不直接道出寓意，却把它留待听的人去体会。Allegory通常长篇而复杂，包含很多人物角色，情节丰富； parable则简短，而且总是将道德教训加入人人都熟悉的事务中。 Fable是寓言，通常在最后道出给人的教训，并且藉着能说话的动物，反映人性的体裁把故事叙述出来。例如：[Dantes Divine Comedy is an allegory based on the struggle between the city-states of what is now Italy The fable of the tortoise and the hare drives home the moral that steady, persistent application is more rewarding in the end than arrogant, unstable brilliance The parable of the New? Testament make abstract moral principles concrete and vivid 2. The Battle of the Books The Bee the Spider To collect honey to spin web The ancient writers the modern writersHomer,Aristotle, Plato; Milton, Bacon… It is an attack on pedantry in the literary world. 3. Pamphlets on Ireland (1). The Drapier’s Letters A patent to supplying copper coins William Wood Wood English government 4. A Modest Proposal: Full title: A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People from Being a Burden to Their Parents or Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Public Page 97 在此请允许我冒昧的提出我的拙见，希望不会遭到异议。 在伦敦结识的一个博学的美国朋友曾经向我保证，一个被细心的看护至一岁大的年幼的健康的小孩是最美味、滋补和健康的食品，无论是用炖、烘烤或是煮的；而且我毫不怀疑，将这样的小孩做成炖肉丁或菜炖肉都会一样美味。 因此，请允许我冒昧的向公众提出我的拙见，将记录在册的120，000孩童中留下20，000个用来繁殖后代，其中1/4须是男孩。这个数目比我们养的羊、黑牛和猪多多了。我的理由是，这些孩子大部分都不是婚姻的结晶，而既然我们这些野蛮人并不注重婚姻这种形式，那么一个男人足以应付4个女人。对于剩下的100，000个孩子，可以在他们一岁时卖给上流社会人士（食用）；叫他们的妈妈在出售前一个月喂足奶，让他们又肥又胖可以卖个好价钱。（一般而言）一个孩子可以做成两个菜招待朋友，而当家庭自己聚餐时，身体的前后1/4段就足够提供一盘好菜色，如果加少许胡椒粉和盐，