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Basic principles part 1 Harm Principle The state should only restrict the actions of an actor if they are going to cause a harm to another actor. (the offence principle applies this to the moral standings/feelings of society) The harm principle is based on the idea that the role of the state should be to prevent harmful actions taking place. How to use it In a debate you can use this principle to support your argument by simply proving that the course of action you DONT want taken causes a harm to another actor (a person, society in general or the person harming themselves). Or conversely that the ban they are trying to propose doesnt prevent any harms. Example An example of where this principle can be applied: THW Ban abortion As the opposition you could argue that preventing an actor from aborting a child causes a harm to the actor because they receive direct harms from carrying a child to term such as; social embarrassment, physical harms and harms to a persons career/livelihood. Balance of harms This principle is directly linked to the harm principle. When both courses of action cause harms to an actor or offence to society in some way, you can still apply the principle. You simply have to prove that the course of action you want taken causes less harms, or that the harms it causes are less severe. Example THW promote the use of full body scanners at airports. The proposition will say that there are harms to national security if you dont implement this motion. The opposition will say that there are harms to a persons freedoms if you do implement it. As proposition you could use this principle to show that the harms to national security are more dangerous than the harms to a persons freedom. As opposition you could use this principle to show that the harms to a persons freedom are unnecessary. Social contract This principle states that there is an unwritten contract between individuals and the state, in that contract a person gives up certain rights in