高中英语语法精讲精练---倒装句讲义.doc

倒装 倒装的两种考法： 1. 放在单项选择题中，考查考生的倒装语法知识是否熟练掌握； 2. 放在完形填空和阅读理解中，设置理解障碍。 倒装的两种形式： 1. 完全倒装： 将整个谓语动词提到主语前。 2. 部分倒装：即半倒装，将谓语的一部分即助动词提到主语前。 一、完全倒装 1. 表方位的副词here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off等标志词放在句首，句子用完全倒装。 Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. 【辨析】当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。 Here it is. In she came. 2. 地点状语放在句首且谓语动词为come, live, lie, go等时用完全倒装。 In south of the river lies a small factory. From the valley came a cry. 3. such, the following等放句首时， 句子要完全倒装。 Such is life. The following is the answer to the question. 4. There lie / exist / stand / live ＋主语＋…是there be 句型的变式。 There is a tall building on the top of the mountain. There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain. 5. “表语＋系动词＋主语”的结构。 Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests. Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 二、部分倒装 1. 含有否定意义的副词或短语如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly / scarcely…when…，no sooner…(than)…，not only…(but also), at no time, by no means等放在句首时，需用部分倒装。 Little does he know about the news. By no means can he catch up in such a short time. 【注意】Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter. Not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将not only所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。 2. neither / nor / so / as为标志词放在句首时，句子用倒装。 ①表示前面所说的肯定情况，也适合于另一人或物时，句式如下： so / as ＋ be (助动词或情态动词)＋ 主语。 ②表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物时，句式如下： neither (nor)＋ be (助动词或情态动词)＋ 主语。 — Ive got an enormous amount of work to do. —So have I. He believed, as did all his family, that you were innocent. If she doesn‘t agree to the plan, neither will Tom. 3. ①“only ＋ 状语(或状语从句)”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。 ②only之后跟的不是状语时不可倒装。 Only in this way can you learn English well. Only that boy can work out the problem. 4. 在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时，可将if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首。 Were I you, I wouldnt do that