1、园艺产品的采后生理规范.ppt

园艺产品种类繁多，不可能对每一种果品、蔬菜和花卉的生理活动、贮藏保鲜技术都有深入的研究。但可以对其分类，每一类在性质、生理方面有共同的特点和相似性，这对研究和贮藏都有重要意义。 Aril（假种皮，山竹果）: an additional fleshy covering that forms on certain seeds after fertilization, developing from the stalk（花梗） of the ovule. Testa（外种皮，石榴）: the outer coat of a seed. Pedicel（花梗）: flower stalk（腰果Cashew） peduncle: inflorescence stalk花梗（无花果） Pericarp(果皮)-葡萄 Endodermal intraloculao Accessory tissue花托-苹果 Receptacle花托（草莓） Mesocarp中果皮，桃 Placental 胎坐-番茄 Flesh fruits: Berry(浆果); a pulpy fruit from a single pistil with one or more carpels(心皮) with several to many seeds (grape, strawberry,cherry,tomato) Pome（梨果，仁果）; a simple fruit comprised of several carpels, the edible portion of which is made of accessory tissue (apple, pear) Drupe（核果）; a simple fruit where the mesocarp tissue becomes thick and fleshy and the endocarp stony (cherry, olive, peach, plum) Hesperidium（柑果）; fruits of several carpels with a leathery rind and inner pulp juice sacs or vesicles (grapefruit, lemon, orange) Pepo（瓠瓜类）; fruits derived from an inferior ovary that develops from multiple carpels bearing many seeds (cucumber, melon, squash) Definition of vegetables: a plant, especially herbaceous plant (草本植物)which is cultivated for food, or the edible portion of such a plant, not derived as a product of sexual reproduction. botanically fruits but commonly listed as vegetables: beans, cucumber, eggplant,melon, peas, peppers, tomato, watermelon etc. 蔬菜：可食用的，含水量较多的，常用作烹饪的植物的器官，通常人们将食用菌也归入蔬菜 4 .园艺产品贮藏保鲜的意义 1.是调节市场余缺、缓解产销矛盾、繁荣市场和延长市场供应期及供应范围的重要措施。 2.是增产增收、发展农村经济增加果农收入的重要途径。 3.是降低园艺产品采后损失率的重要手段（我国苹果采后损失率大约10%-15%，发达国家3%-5%，降低5%可以减少27亿元人民币损失）。 4.是生产与消费、商贸、加工间的桥梁 。 5 园艺产品采后生理是进行贮运保鲜的基础。采后生理、采后病理就是贮藏保鲜原理 6 作业 //P * 园艺产品采后生理Postharvest Physiology of Hortcultural Crops 任小林 Lab of Postharvest Physiology and Technology tel. Department of Pomology, Horticulture College Northwest AF University. 029-8709-1625, Email ：rxl9152@ Office room:325 2010,11,24 Postharvest Physiology of Horticultural