髋关节置换护术理论文.docVIP

护理干预对人工髋关节置换术后患者的影响 The influence of nursing intervention on patients after hip arthroplasty 摘要：目的：探讨的护理方法。方法：通过对例的护理，根据疾病的不同时期采取不同的护理措施。结果：0例患者中例，例，例。结论：根据疾病的不同时期采取不同的护理措施有助于疾病恢复及减少并发症的发生。Abstract: objective: according to the row of hip arthroplasty patients, give priority to with elderly patients, basic disease, decreased body each viscera function, operation difficulty is big, more postoperative complications (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, infection of incision, artificial hip joint dislocation, joint looseness, femoral fracture, variant curing). To explore the nursing methods of after hip arthroplasty, rehabilitation training, reduce patient complications, promote healing, restore the ability to walk, self-care ability, the importance of prolonging life. Method: 40 cases of nursing after hip replacement, according to the different nursing measures during different periods of the disease. Results: no complications in 40 patients recovery walking ability of 37 cases, complicated by pneumonia in 2 cases, 1 case was complicated by venous thrombosis. Conclusion: according to the different period of disease of different nursing measures help disease recovery and reduce complications. 关键词： ； 护理Key words: hip replacement; Nursing intervention 1 临床资料　　1.1 一般资料：本组男例，例，最大年龄6岁，最小年龄岁，  1.2 治疗转归：例，—5天病情平稳后开始进行，在此之前逐渐延长半卧位时间为离床作准备，下床方法：病人先移至健侧床边，健侧腿先离床并使腿着地，患肢外展，屈髋＜45°，由他人协助抬起上身使患侧腿离床并使脚着地，柱双拐站起，上床时，按相反方向进行，即患肢先上床。离床活动第一天，上下午各床旁柱拐站立5—10min（视个人体力情况而定），无不适时在床周行走数步，护士在旁扶持，观察有无虚脱情况发生，第二天开始柱双拐在病室内行走。部行距离逐渐延长，时间逐渐增加，但每次不超30mim。上下午以及睡前各一次。行走时，患肢始终保持30°左右并不负重，护士或家属在旁守护以防意外。 4.3自理能力训练：鼓励病人在床上进行力所能及的自理活动，如：洗脸、梳头、更衣、进食等，离床活动后即训练站立状态下的活动，以增进食欲，改善自理质量，增强自信，促进机能康复。 5.健康宣教。 5.1自行上下床指导：出院前2天，指导病人在家属的协助下进行离床活动，并做动作演示，指导病人利用双上肢及健侧下肢的支撑自行上下床的方法，以便出院后的自理。 5.2体位指导：平卧或半卧，3个月内避免侧卧，坐位尽量靠坐有扶手的椅子，3周内屈髋＜45°，以逐渐增加屈髋度，但避免＞90°。不可将患肢架在另一条腿上或盘腿，站立时患肢外展，6个月内患肢避免内收及内旋动作。 5.3肌肉和关节训练及负重指导：按照出院前训练方法在床上或站立进行，逐渐增加训练时间及强度，患肢不负重，柱双拐行走，术后3个月病人逐渐加重，由双拐—单拐—弃拐，但必须避免屈患髋下蹲。 5.4日常活动指导：指导病人正确更衣（如穿裤时先患侧后