定语从句考点分析及特训.docVIP

语法专题一 定语从句考点分析与突破 定语从句是中学英语教学的语法重点，也是高考热点。在2009年全国19套高考题中对定语从句子的考查总共出现了16次，在2010年全国19套高考题中出现14次。下面 结合高考题来归纳一下定语从句的几大考点： 考点一：关系代词、关系副词的理解和选择 [备考清单] 定语从句中的关系代词、关系副词有如下三种功能： ①在从句的开头引导一个定语从句，把它和主句连接起来，形成主从句关系； ②替代先行词且先行词绝不可省，引导词有时可省（如引导词在从句中作宾语时）； ③在定语从句中充当适当的成分。 1．当表示时间、地点、原因的名词，如day, time, place, factory, reason等作先行词，在定语从句中作状语时，用where, when和why引导定语从句；在从句中作主语或宾语时，就用that或which试比较： This is the factory where I once worked. This is the factory which/ that Ive visited. The day that/ which I always remember is Oct.1. The day when Nanjing was liberated is Sept.11. The reason why he hasnt come is that he has been ill. Don’t believe the reason which/ that he gave you. 2，关系词引导定语从句修饰人并在从句中作主语时用who或that，在从句中作宾语时用who, whom, that或把关系词省略掉，但在介词后面只能用whom；引导从句并修饰物时 用which或that；在从句中作定语指人或物，表示“……的”时用whose。如： Do you know the student who/that left a moment ago? Do you know the student about whom hes talking? Hes the man( that/who/whom) you can depend on. Do you know the student whose father is an engineer? The train that/which has just left is for HongKong. 3．that和which在引导定语从句指物时，如果先行词前面有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身是不定代词，如all, everything, nothing, none时，或者先行词被the only, the very, just the, any等修饰时不用which用that。如： This is the very magazine( that)I am after. You can take any book you like. 4. 当修饰的名词不是具体的地点名词，而是一个抽象名词，诸如：activity, case, point state，stage, situation 等意指“情况、情形、形势”时，引导词常用 where 或介词＋ which 。 如： （06 山东 26. ）We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. A. where B. that C. when D. which 由于一般的语法书对这一问题很少涉及，所以许多考生对这类考题比较生疏。为帮助同学们熟悉这一语言现象，正确掌握这一知识点，现对where定语从句修饰抽象名词的用法作一归纳。 Can you think out a situation where this word can be used? Her illness has developed to the point where nobody can cure her. ①where定语从句修饰抽象名词point You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。 The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。 We