单元控制职能.pptVIP

第六章 控制职能 Controlling 第一节 控制职能概述Understanding Controlling 第二节 主要控制类型Types of Controlling 第三节 管理控制过程The Control Process 第四节 有效控制系统Effective Control Systems 第五节 组织绩效控制方法Tools for Controlling Organizational Performance 第六节 当代控制问题Contemporary Issues in Control 第一节 控制职能概述 一、控制职能含义Define Controlling 1、控制职能概念Controlling 2、控制目的功能Function of Controlling 二、控制职能意义Why Control is Important 1、控制的必要性 2、控制的重要性 三、控制职能原理The Principle of Controlling 一、控制职能含义Define Controlling 1、控制职能概念Controlling The process of monitoring activities to ensure that they are being accomplished as planned and of correcting any significant deviations. Managers must monitor evaluate: Are we efficiently converting inputs into outputs? Is product quality improving? Are employees responsive to customers? Are our managers innovative in outlook 狭义为纠偏：纠正所发生的偏差 广义为调适：包括调整计划目标。 2、控制目的功能Function of Controlling 控制的目的The Purpose of Control 限制偏差的累积和适应环境的变化To ensure that activities are completed in ways that lead to accomplishment of organizational goals. 控制的功能The Function of Control 纠偏功能：以实施环节为控制对象，使执行结果符合控制标准的要求 调适功能：以控制标准为控制对象，使其更好适应内外部环境变化的要求。 二、控制职能意义why control is important 1、控制的必要性 管理环境的变化：管理环境日趋复杂多变 管理权力的分散：组织日趋扁平化，决策权也日趋分散 员工素质的差异：员工流动率不断提高，员工素质的差异越来越大 员工来源多元化：存在着不同的文化背景和价值观。 二、控制职能意义（续）why control is important 2、控制的重要性 使管理过程成为一个闭环系统As the final link in management functions： Planning provides the critical link back to planning only way managers know whether organizational goals are being met and what future actions to take. 二、控制职能意义（续）why control is important 2、控制的重要性（续） Empowering employees fear that employees will do something wrong for which the manager will be held responsible Control systems provide managers with information and feedback on employee performance. Protecting the workplace Controls enhance physical security and help minimize workplace disruptions. Exhibit 18–2The Planning–Controlling Link 三、管理控制原理 The Principle of Controlling 任何系统都是由因果关系链联接在一起的元素集合，控制论就是研究耦合运行系统的控制和调节问题 为